Operators & Expressions

Operators follow mathematical precedence. Modulus (`%`) yields the remainder of a division. The placement of the increment operator (`++`) dictates execution order:

• Postfix (`x++`): Evaluates `x` in the expression first, then increments `x`.
• Prefix (`++x`): Increments `x` first, then evaluates the expression.

Logical operators combine states: `&&` (AND), `||` (OR), and `!` (NOT) with short-circuit rules. Let's test these operators:

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    int a = 10;
    int b = 3;

    std::cout << "Integer Modulus (10 % 3): " << (a % b) << "\n";

    // Prefix vs Postfix increment tracing
    int x = 5;
    int y = x++; // y gets 5, then x becomes 6
    std::cout << "Postfix: y=" << y << ", x=" << x << "\n";

    int p = 5;
    int q = ++p; // p becomes 6, then q gets 6
    std::cout << "Prefix: q=" << q << ", p=" << p << "\n";

    return 0;
}