MongoDB — Projection & Field Selection
Limit bandwidth and return only required fields using inclusion and exclusion projections.
1Inclusion vs Exclusion Projections
Projection Examples
// Inclusion Projection: Return ONLY name and email (_id included by default)
db.users.find({}, { name: 1, email: 1 });
// Hide _id field explicitly
db.users.find({}, { _id: 0, name: 1, email: 1 });
// Exclusion Projection: Return everything EXCEPT password
db.users.find({}, { password: 0 });